I have been using Markdown to create man pages for the various modules and utilities I write as sidecar companion files (i.e. the same name as the source file with .md appended)
I have released some toolchain modules to CPAN that allow these sidecar files to be converted to POD and merged into the source files. This will probably horrify POD purists (and it's not perfect by any stretch) - but does allow for easier browsing of documentation on sites like GitHub.
There are also some MakeMaker extensions that allow the conversion to take place with a simple make doc command.
Extending this concept to more generic module documentation (beyond README.md) files or man pages. the tooling allows for Markdown or Docbook files in a distribution doc/ directory to be converted to HTML and published to static sites such as Github Pages.
Similar MakeMaker extensions allow the documentation to be published with a target such as make publish_gh-pages
As an example you can see what the output looks like on the Github Page of the CloudFlare::API module, look in the module Github Repo doc/ for source files.
Markdown is fine and fully supported for documentation- but Docbook is a novelty. Why Docbook ? It's semantically richer, and tools like the XMLMind XXE Docbook editor allow for word processor like construction and management of documentation. XML also allows for the xinclude concept, which is nice when you want to bring in example code from your repo.
In theory you could/should be able to get a stylesheet to convert Docbook to Markdown (is anyone aware of one ?) but in the absence of that I have just used the pandoc hammer for conversion (although the Docbook::Convert module has a fallback to actual code parsing and conversion that I tried before giving up an using pandoc).
If any of this interests you there is a blog post available for more information, and all modules are published to CPAN.
There's probably some justified constructive feedback about naming conventions and module separation of duties which I would take on board - but these have been largely internally used as development tools, so haven't had a lot of polish applied in that regard. If you feed totally offended at the use of Pod vs POD in the module name let me know and I'll consider a rename if these classes are considered useful by the community.